After backing everything up, I deleted Normal.NewMacros1, and set up a new Normal template again. It seems to have ironed out the problems I had, and all the macros now show up in the menu.

A remaining niggle is that some keyboard shortcuts simply won't 'take', but I can assign a shortcut to the same macros on the QAT. Compared to the problems I've had before, this is a small one, and I can live with it for the time being.



Thank you, Charles and Andrew, for your help with these problems. I shall look into global templates when I have a bit more time. If I did have a Normal template on OneDrive, where would it be located? I've looked and not found anything.

Do not bother looking for it. Make sure that the User Templates location for Word is on your local hard drive. The default location is:
That folder should not be on OneDrive. It could be a file that is synced to OneDrive but should not be a cloud file. As I indicated earlier, mine is synced to DropBox without any problems.
That location is set through File > Options > Advanced > File Locations and can be different from the default save location for templates. (This is discussed in the link.)

Ah, so there isn't another Word template on OneDrive. My Word template is stored where it should be, so all is well.