You cannot create a table of contents in a table format automatically using the feature in Word.

What, specifically, about the table format is it that you want? Unless it is visible cell boundaries you can probably accomplish it using the automatic TOC by modifying the TOC styles.

You can put an automatic TOC inside a table, but it will all be in a single cell.

• TOC Tips and Tricks by Suzanne Barnhill
• Generating a Table of Contents - Complex Documents
• How to create a table of contents in Microsoft Word by Shauna Kelly
• TOC Switches by Suzanne Barnhill