I don't have anything for a find highlighted on the scrollbar in Word 2010 or 2013.
Word 2013 did away with the scroll browse object on the scrollbar and that is not likely to return.

If, after you find something, you use Ctrl+PgDn, it will take you to the next text.

In the Navigation page, do you need to switch to the Results panel?

Dear Charles,

By scrollbar I mean the scroll bar, the one which is to the right of the page and the one which is generally X times smaller that the height of the screen, where X is the number of pages.

That's for the case when I know approximately in which part of the very big document the search term should be so that I don't try all 100 or something findings in the document one by one.

Sure, I could start searching from any place in the document, but highlighting would facilitate my work even more.

Ctrl+PgDn could be of use, thank you!

In the Navigation Pane (the one to the left of the page) I'm clear with the search results and the document structure.