Obviously you get data from SQL Server with ODBC query. Let's assume the query is something like


You can have instead a query
When trying to run the query it will ask for 1st parameter, and then for 2nd parameter. You can point cells in Excel worksheet as sources for those parameters, and set the query to be executed whenever those cells will change.

On sheet where queried data appear, leave/insert some empty rows at top (at least the number of parameters +1). Define Data validations to select parameter values at top cells, and select some parameter values there. Now redefine your query like was shown before, and point cells with selected parameters when asked.