At its most basic, assume your PNGs are all in the same folder as the Word document. Then this code will iterate through a column of text to add the corresponding image in the preceding cell
Code:
Sub InsertImages()
Dim aCell As Cell, sPath As String, sFile As String, aTbl As Table, iCol As Integer
Dim aRng As Range, aShp As InlineShape
Set aTbl = Selection.Tables(1)
iCol = Selection.Cells(1).Column.Index
sPath = ActiveDocument.Path & Application.PathSeparator
For Each aCell In aTbl.Columns(iCol).Cells
sFile = sPath & Split(aCell.Range.Text, vbCr)(0) & ".png"
If Len(Dir(sFile)) > 0 Then
Debug.Print sFile
Set aRng = aCell.Previous.Range
Set aShp = ActiveDocument.InlineShapes.AddPicture(FileName:=sFile, Range:=aRng)
aShp.AlternativeText = sFile
aShp.Width = CentimetersToPoints(0.8)
aShp.Height = CentimetersToPoints(0.8)
aRng.Cells(1).VerticalAlignment = wdCellAlignVerticalCenter
aRng.Cells(1).Range.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = wdAlignParagraphCenter
End If
Next aCell
End Sub