Templates:
This depends on how you are trying to access them.
File New Variations in the Versions of Word
MS regularly plays with (changes) how users access their custom templates.
There are two key locations:
Custom Office Templates folder - should have been used in Word 2016
User Templates Folder - where your normal template resides and where the legacy File New dialog looks.

Settings:
See the "sticky" post on this forum: Word 2007 & Later Key Data File Locations
Many of your settings are in your normal template, but not all.