You can in case the max value in column A is unique. When not, then you need some additional condition to determine, which row with e.g. 157 in column A must be returned!

When all values in column A are unique, then one possible solution:
=INDEX($B$1:$B$300,MATCH(MAX($A$1:$A$300),$A$1:$A$ 300,0)) to return matching entry in column B. When the max value is not unique, the data from 1st row having max value in column A is returned;
In case entry in e.g. column B is always numeric, another option will be also available:
=SUMIFS($B$1:$B$300,$A$1:$A$300,MAX($A$1:$A$300)) When the max value is not unique, the sum of matching values in column B is returned.