I'm not sure I follow this. Let me rephrase and you tell me whether I have it right: You have a table (you said "tables", but let's think of them one at a time to start with) that contains data you want to use in multiple worksheets. You want to be able to do this repeatedly, and (of course) with minimum effort; but you don't need the table to stick around, you just need to do a quick calculation with it and afterward can discard it again. Except not really discard it; you want it to be usable in some other worksheet later. Is that about right?
When I say "table", I'm usually thinking of doing some sort of lookup in it. Say I have the name of a city or town and I want to know the nearest airport; so I do a VLOOKUP on the city name and get back SDF, MSP, ORD or whatever. If this is what you want to do, you can keep the table in a separate workbook and it doesn't have to be anything special at all. You don't even have to open it when you want to do the lookup; just do an ordinary lookup function and give it the full description of the lookup table, eg
Code:
=VLOOKUP(A2,'C:\path\[Workbook.xlsx]Sheet1'!B:D,2,0)
Once you have the result, you can copy just the value, dropping the lookup, and you have what you wanted.
But you didn't say "lookup", you say "calculate". If you meant that, I guess an example would be a financial calculation, where you type in the interest rate, borrowed amount and payback period and it would tell you the periodic payment amount. Um...I've never done that, but I suppose if I wanted to I would put it in a workbook, just like the previous example, then open the workbook (or just keep it open most of the time, if I used it often enough) and go there to plug in the figures and copy the answer.
If you have a lot of such tables, keep them all in the same workbook, one on each sheet.
Now, the word "template" appears nowhere in that explanation. Do you need it to? I'm not sure why it would be important.