There is no simple way I know about to do this in Word.
You could convert the table to text and then use a macro or replace function to apply numbered styles to the text. Unless we are talking about doing this repeatedly or for many pages of text, though, you are looking at more work than it would be to simply apply the styles.

The key is to set up your multilevel list in advance linked to styles. Follow the directions here: How to create numbered headings or outline numbering in Ribbon Versions of Word by Shauna Kelly