Hi - I am looking at the a similar thing. Syncing a Windows phone with Outlook 2010 on Desktop. I had been told Zune, would do it and I have not found a way of doing it. I found another similar bit of called Windows Phone. As far as I can they are limited to copying music files and not much more.

I have found this link:

http://www.windowsphone.com/en-gb/ho...pc-to-my-phone

I am using Outlook 2010 without Exchange Server and so far have not got the facility to work.
A word of advice, in your effort to make it work don't delete an Account on Outlook - or you will end up in real mess with PST files.