You can populate a Word table cell from Excel with code like:
wdDoc.Tables(1).Rows(1).Cells(2).Range.Text = "Hello"
or
wdDoc.Tables(1).Cell(1, 2).Range.Text = "Hello"
And, since you're populating the document directly, you may as well first delete the dropdown there, which you could do with code like:
Code:
With wdDoc.Tables(1).Cell(1, 2).Range
.ContentControls(1).LockContentControl = False
.ContentControls(1).Delete
.Text = "Hello"
End With
After all, having updated the document from Excel, you presumably wouldn't want someone to go and change the values.