" I have a bookmark called abstract that it uses to identify where to start or stop counting."
Oh no it does not. There is no identification of where to start or stop counting.
The code is very explicit. The existing bookmark "abstract" is replaced by the word count of Section 3. No more, no less. Please note that if there is no existing bookmark "abstract", or there is no Section 3, the code will error out.
If I may, if you copy code from someplace, and it does not have comments, add your own. First of all it will make you understand things more. Second, comments generally make things understandable.
Code:
Sub AbstractWordCount()
'
' AbstractWordCount Macro
'
'
Dim oRange As Word.Range
Dim sBookmarkName As String
Dim sTemp As String
' make the string variable sTemp = "abstract"
sBookmarkName = "abstract"
With ActiveDocument
' make the string variable sTemp = the word count of Section 3
sTemp = " " + Format(.Sections(3).Range.Words.Count, "0")
' set the range object to be the bookmark "abstract"
Set oRange = .Bookmarks(sBookmarkName).Range
' delete the bookmark range
oRange.Delete
' insert the value of sTemp (i.e. the word count of Section 3)
oRange.InsertAfter Text:=sTemp
' make that a bookmark "abstract"
.Bookmarks.Add Name:=sBookmarkName, Range:=oRange
End With
End Sub