Not something I've tried before so gave it a whirl.
Added the code below to a new template:
	Code:
	<customUI  
	xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2009/07/customui" 
    xmlns:mso="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2009/07/customui" >
	<ribbon >
		<tabs >
			<tab id="newTab" >
				<group id="newGroup" >
				    <mso:gallery idQ="mso:TextHighlightColorPicker" showInRibbon="false" visible="true"/>
				</group >
			</tab >
		</tabs >
	</ribbon >
</customUI >
 Although this results in an error on load the gallery gets added anyway.
Screenshot 2025-10-29 122254.png
EDIT: It is the parameter "showInRibbon="false" " that creates the error
The top half of the button applies the current highlight color, the bottom half displays the standard gallery.
Screenshot 2025-10-29 122341.png
Double clicking also seems to work, but only after displaying the gallery to set the highlight color.
Hope that helps.
EDIT 2: Attached template contains my working example. Although a dotm there is no code.