This looks like it works.
Code:
Sub AddLetterHeads()
Dim iPar As Integer, sLett As String, aRng As Range, sPrev As String
Set aRng = ActiveDocument.Range
For iPar = aRng.Paragraphs.Count To 1 Step -1
sLett = aRng.Paragraphs(iPar).Range.Characters(1)
If iPar > 1 Then sPrev = aRng.Paragraphs(iPar).Previous.Range.Characters(1)
If sPrev <> sLett Or iPar = 1 Then
aRng.Paragraphs(iPar).Range.InsertBefore sLett & vbCr
aRng.Paragraphs(iPar).Style = "BibloChar" 'the new paragraph
End If
Next iPar
End Sub