The left side you are talking about is known as the "Navigation Pane."
See my article: Headings that do not show up in the Navigation Pane or in a Table of Contents (or in Cross-References / Hyperlinks).

There is no way to have something appear as something different in the Navigation Pane than the way it appears in the document. You can have text with the font color of white which will not appear on a white background but will appear in the Navigation Pane.

Also, take a look at use of the StyleRef Field.

I do not know what you mean by "turn text from the table into the title."

Here is how to add images: How to attach a screenshot or file in this forum. Please note that it is important to not have the images scroll horizontally off the screen here.