I am talking about where there are no other extenuating factors-- i.e. no foot note, widow orphan turned off, keep lines together turned off. When it is just a question of space-- how much space Word is expecting to protect beneath the final line of text, and how much space above the footnote separator line, and I don't know what other variables may impose their demands to protect space. When it is just a question of space, then what are those space settings. If you let me know that, I can go and try and figure out how to let that space be utilized.