There are a few ways to do single-source documents. Each way has benefits and drawbacks and can be made to work. The list of conditions is important and how you might be able to mix and match content based on overlapping conditions. For example:
Doc Language: English US, English UK, English AU
Include Examples: Yes, No
Summaries only: Yes, No
Purpose: User Guide, Quick Reference, Operator, Supervisor

So when the conditions are boolean like Include Examples you could use a document property to store the setting and then use an If field for the content.

A solution that has overlapping decisions as alluded to in your question is far more involved and would require VBA. I would tag content with Content Controls and then have the macros show or hide the CC content based on the user's selections.

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Andrew Lockton
Chrysalis Design, Melbourne Australia