There are two kinds of formatting for text: paragraph formats, which always apply to the entire paragraph. And character formats, which can apply to as little as a single character if desired.

Alignment is a paragraph format.

Tables of figures use a right tab stop, probably set very close to the right margin of the section.

Set a Center tab stop at the center, and a Right tab stop at the right margin. You will then be able press the tab key and type center-aligned text. Press tab again and then type right-aligned text.

Tab stops are a fact about the paragraph, not the doc, so you will either have to select all relevant paragraphs and then set the stops, or set it for the first paragraph and then when you press Enter to create a new paragraph, the tab stops will be inherited.