Both of the parts you added already have a namespace but they were prefixed namespaces:
Code:
Sub testxmladd()
Dim i As Long
For i = ActiveDocument.CustomXMLParts.Count To 4 Step -1
ActiveDocument.CustomXMLParts(i).Delete
Next
'Add a part with Prefixed namespace:
ActiveDocument.CustomXMLParts.Add XML:= _
"<RCDP xmlns:a=""https://www.w3schools.com/furniture"">" & _
"<a:arcprop id=""HeadingVisibilityP"">" & _
"<a:visibility>True</a:visibility>" & _
"<a:enabled>True</a:enabled>" & _
"</a:arcprop>" & _
"<a:arcprop id= ""HeadingVisibilityS"">" & _
"<a:visibility>False</a:visibility>" & _
"<a:checked>True></a:checked>" & _
"</a:arcprop>" & _
"</RCDP>"
'Add a part with unprefixed namespace.
ActiveDocument.CustomXMLParts.Add XML:= _
"<RCDP xmlns=""https://www.w3schools.com/furniture"">" & _
"<arcprop id=""HeadingVisibilityA"">" & _
"<visibility>True</visibility>" & _
"<enabled>True</enabled>" & _
"</arcprop>" & _
"<arcprop id= ""HeadingVisibilityR"">" & _
"<visibility>False</visibility>" & _
"<checked>True></checked>" & _
"</arcprop>" & _
"</RCDP>"
MsgBox ActiveDocument.CustomXMLParts(4).NamespaceURI
MsgBox ActiveDocument.CustomXMLParts(5).NamespaceURI
MsgBox ActiveDocument.CustomXMLParts(4).NamespaceManager.Item(1).NamespaceURI
MsgBox ActiveDocument.CustomXMLParts(5).NamespaceManager.Item(1).NamespaceURI
End Sub