Can it be done? Yes.
Easily? Not for me.
Any method would include programming to check for very specific markers.

A problem would likely be that the marker for your headings and subheadings would logically be heading styles. That would not work. You would need to be using different Styles for each and then somehow marking the end of a section of notes.

When I was in school, I would not have had time to automatically use markers while taking notes. Absent contemporaneous marking, copy and paste is likely to be much more efficient.


If you have Office, a suggestion: Check out OneNote. I do not know if it is included in your version.

Back in the early days of the Mac, there was a program called "More" that would have been very good for this. It was never ported to Windows and eventually stopped being sold.