Thanks, 'gmayor'!
Only - here´s one more strange thing: as I mentioned, the masterfile opens up in Word 2016 showing 234 pages, while the PDF has 264 pages. When I print page 17 in the Word file, I get page 19 out in print, and this print is completely identical to the PDF´s page 19. So what I see in Word on my PC is a misrepresentation of what actually comes out in print!!
As far as I can see, this means that my printer IS capable of printing that specific font used in the masterfile.
And the problem is elsewhere.